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"Were the Scythians high?"
Cannabis has been utilized by humans for millennia, and while its use for textiles and ropes can be traced to ancient times, its consumption as a drug is harder to pinpoint precisely. However, the Greek historian Herodotus provides us with intriguing descriptions of its use among the Scythians, a nomadic people who inhabited parts of Eurasia.
Herodotus describes how the Scythians used cannabis in ritualistic vapor-baths, heating hemp seeds on hot stones to produce a thick vapor. He writes:
> "The Scythians then take the seed of this hemp and creep under the felt coverings, and then they throw the seed upon the stones which have been heated red-hot: and it burns like incense and produces a vapour so thick that no vapour-bath in Hellas would surpass it: and the Scythians being delighted with the vapour-bath howl like wolves." (Book IV, p.351)
This practice, as described by Herodotus, may represent one of the earliest recorded instances of cannabis being used for its psychoactive effects. Archaeological evidence supports this, with discoveries in former Scythian territories indicating that cannabis was likely used in ritual ceremonies by many tribes around the Black Sea.
Herodotus further notes that hemp plants were abundant in Scythian lands and were primarily used to make clothing. Interestingly, he mentions that some Thracian tribes also used hemp for textiles, showcasing the plant's versatility in the ancient world.
The Scythians are also recorded as using cannabis in purification rituals, particularly following funeral rites. They would throw red-hot stones into a basin inside a felt-covered structure, inhaling the vapors as a form of cleansing:
> " [...] and then, for their body, they set up three stakes leaning towards one another and about them they stretch woollen felt coverings, and when they have closed them as much as possible they throw stones heated red-hot into a basin placed in the middle of the stakes and the felt coverings." (p.351)
This ritual bears some resemblance to the modern practice of "hotboxing," where cannabis smoke is contained within a small space for intensified effects.
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